LwaCas13a Nuclease is an RNA-guided RNA endonuclease derived from Leptotrichia wadei. Its activity depends on an RNA-mediated recognition mechanism. In the presence of a suitable protospacer flanking site (PFS) sequence on the target single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), LwaCas13a specifically recognizes and cleaves the target ssRNA under the guidance of a CRISPR RNA (crRNA).In addition, LwaCas13a possesses target-dependent trans-cleavage (collateral cleavage) activity. This activity is triggered only after the formation of a ternary complex consisting of LwaCas13a, crRNA, and the target ssRNA. Once activated, the enzyme not only efficiently cleaves the target RNA but also non-specifically degrades any single-stranded RNA present in the reaction system. Leveraging this signal-amplification property, LwaCas13a is widely used in the development of rapid nucleic acid detection kits and holds significant value in the field of molecular diagnostics.

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