Source: Targeting GSDME-mediated macrophage polarization for enhanced antitumor immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma (IF=10.1).

Macrophage Depletion Method: Clodronate liposomes (40337ES, Yeasen) were administered at 200 μL per mouse to deplete macrophages, with empty liposomes (40338ES, Yeasen) serving as controls.

Results: Macrophage depletion was confirmed by flow cytometry using F4/80 and CD11b antibodies, which showed a significant reduction in macrophages.

Source: N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V exacerbates murine colitis with macrophage dysfunction and enhances colitic tumorigenesis (IF=5.5)

Macrophage Depletion Method: 200 μL of Clodronate Liposomes were administered intravenously via the tail vein on days 2 and 4 of DSS treatment.

Results: Flow cytometry confirmed effective macrophage depletion, demonstrating an >80% reduction in F4/80-positive macrophages.

Source: Mononuclear phagocyte system blockade improves therapeutic exosome delivery to the myocardium (IF=13.3)

Macrophage Depletion Method: Mice were treated with PBS / Liposomes / Clodronate Liposomes (0.1 ml/10 g) for 48 hours. Macrophages in liver and spleen cells were analyzed using CD11b and F4/80.

Results: Flow cytometric analysis confirmed effective depletion of the mononuclear phagocyte system. As shown in **Figure A** (liver) and **Figure B** (spleen), treatment with Clodronate Liposomes resulted in a significant reduction of CD11b+F4/80+ macrophages compared to PBS and control liposome groups.

Source: CD11c+/CD11b+ Cells Are Critical for Organic Dust–Elicited Murine Lung Inflammation (IF=5.3,)

Macrophage Depletion Method: 30 μL of Clodronate Liposomes were administered intranasally every 3–4 days for 3 weeks to maintain macrophage depletion.

Results: Clodronate liposomes (CL-LIP) and saline liposomes (SL-LIP) were administered once, 2 days prior to acute exposure to DE or saline control, with mice sacrificed 5 hours post-exposure. Microscopic examination of H&E-stained lung sections confirmed macrophage depletion, demonstrating a greater than 80% reduction in macrophage infiltration in CL-LIP-treated mice compared to SL-LIP-treated animals.

Source: Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Induce Alveolar Macrophages Death via TNF-α in Acute Lung Injury (IF=2.7)

Macrophage Depletion Method: C57BL/6 wild-type mice were intravenously injected via the tail vein with 200 μL of Clodronate Liposomes or PBS liposomes as a control to deplete monocytes.

Results:
(A) Wild-type mice received an intravenous injection of 200 μL Clodronate Liposomes or PBS liposomes (2 μg/g body weight) one day prior to intratracheal LPS instillation, and were sacrificed on day 3 post-LPS (n = 3).
(B) Peripheral blood monocytes were effectively depleted by day 4.

Source: Pharmacological macrophage inhibition decreases metastasis formation in a genetic model of pancreatic cancer (IF=25.8)

Macrophage Depletion Method: For long-term treatment, KPC mice received intraperitoneal injections of Clodronate Liposomes (1.4 mg/20 g body weight) twice weekly from 8 weeks (P56) to 20 weeks (P140) of age. Mice injected with an equal volume of PBS liposomes served as controls.

Results: Following short-term (2-week) treatment, flow cytometry revealed a reduction in CD68+ cells in the pancreas, spleen, and bone marrow by 48%, 56%, and 73%, respectively (Figure 1C; Supplementary Figure S1A, B).